Сибирский федеральный университет

Перевод названия: The role of M.M. Speransky''s reforms in the administration of Siberia

Тип публикации: статья из журнала

Год издания: 2016

Идентификатор DOI: 10.17223/15617793/413/14

Ключевые слова: централизация, локализация, управление, реформы, регион, centralization, localization, administration, reforms, region, Weapon training, Training process in higher school, Students, Sports training, Biathlon

Аннотация: Раскрывается роль реформ М.М. Сперанского в управлении Сибирью. Показана определенная специфика административного управления Сибирским регионом как особой геополитической единицей ввиду территории, плотности населения и других факторов. Раскрыта роль личности М.М. Сперанского как в проведении административных реформ, так и непосредственно в управлении Сибирью как неотъемлемой частью нашей страны. The study of public administration of Siberia, which began in the mid-nineteenth century, is relevant in the modern world. Public administration in the Siberian region has its own features. The article shows that the system of state administration bodies in Siberia was built based on the experience of institutions that had proven viable in the central part of the country. The authors argue that the geographical and geopolitical position, population density, climatic conditions, natural resources and many other factors determine these features. The purpose of this article is to show the specificity of the administration of Siberia implemented by M. M. Speran-sky. The content of the article reflects that it was important to localize administration by organizing the self-government of various social categories in Siberian society. In the context of compact residence of separate population groups, it allowed to administratively influence them by appointment or approval of heads of self-governing communities. It is shown that the systems of Siberian public administration took into account the geographical features of the region. There were areas with an undeveloped system of communications, thus, there was a problem to localize administrative functions at various levels of local Siberian administration structures, which guaranteed control over the remote areas, but decreased the level and scope of the Governor-General's control and the Central government supervision over the activities of the Siberian administration. The article shows that the main trends in the development of public administration in Siberia are the centralization and localization of power in the region (aggregation and disaggregation) in the construction of a unified model of power relations characteristic of the Empire. The relations "center - region" were established, where central power belongs to the government and local, after the 1819 Revision, to the Main Department headed by the Governor-General of Siberia, and after 1822 the General-Governors of Western and Eastern Siberia. The Governor-General was M.M. Speran-sky. The authors stress the role of M.M. Speransky in the administration of Siberia. It was M.M. Speransky who developed the Ministerial reform. In the study, the authors relied on primary sources containing information about the Siberian reform, as well as on documentary sources containing a set of laws on the administration of the Siberian provinces. Thus, the article concludes that Siberia entered the world history because it joined the Russian state, which itself was going through a difficult evolution: from Muscovy to the Russian Empire. And it happened due to the reforms of M.M. Speransky. The study of public administration of Siberia, which began in the mid-nineteenth century, is relevant in the modern world. Public administration in the Siberian region has its own features. The article shows that the system of state administration bodies in Siberia was built based on the experience of institutions that had proven viable in the central part of the country. The authors argue that the geographical and geopolitical position, population density, climatic conditions, natural resources and many other factors determine these features. The purpose of this article is to show the specificity of the administration of Siberia implemented by M.M. Speransky. The content of the article reflects that it was important to localize administration by organizing the self-government of various social categories in Siberian society. In the context of compact residence of separate population groups, it allowed to administratively influence them by appointment or approval of heads of self-governing communities. It is shown that the systems of Siberian public administration took into account the geographical features of the region. There were areas with an undeveloped system of communications, thus, there was a problem to localize administrative functions at various levels of local Siberian administration structures, which guaranteed control over the remote areas, but decreased the level and scope of the Governor-General's control and the Central government supervision over the activities of the Siberian administration. The article shows that the main trends in the development of public administration in Siberia are the centralization and localization of power in the region (aggregation and disaggregation) in the construction of a unified model of power relations characteristic of the Empire. The relations "center - region" were established, where central power belongs to the government and local, after the 1819 Revision, to the Main Department headed by the Governor-General of Siberia, and after 1822 the General-Governors of Western and Eastern Siberia. The Governor-General was M.M. Speransky. The authors stress the role of M.M. Speransky in the administration of Siberia. It was M.M. Speransky who developed the Ministerial reform. In the study, the authors relied on primary sources containing information about the Siberian reform, as well as on documentary sources containing a set of laws on the administration of the Siberian provinces. Thus, the article concludes that Siberia entered the world history because it joined the Russian state, which itself was going through a difficult evolution: from Muscovy to the Russian Empire. And it happened due to the reforms of M.M. Speransky. In the current environment characterized by the rapid growth of scientific knowledge, informatization and intel-lectualization of society, orientation of the state for the modernization of education, special attention is paid not only to the quality of vocational training of students, but also the formation of the youth culture of sport occupations, readiness for military service and formed general physical capacities of active performance in future production. As noted in the program documents of the President and the Government of the country, at least 40-50% of young people need to be introduced into large-scale sports occupations until 2020. At the same time, active sports occupations of students in a higher school represent a modern approach that enables young people to form a more professional attitude to physical education classes, reveal an individual psycho-physical potential and create a theoretical and practical basis for planning of sports activities for future professional and social performance. The purpose of the present research was to develop and substantiate the technique of effective shooting for university students involved in biathlon. In the course of theoretical analysis, abstracting and analytical findings, we have developed the structure and content of the basic units of weapon training of students engaged in biathlon in a higher school including: psychological, physical, functional and specialized units (direct weapon training). In addition, empirically, we have estimated the percentage of various types of training of students engaged in biathlon by years of study in a higher school, that contribute in the aggregate to the improvement of shooting efficiency.

Журнал: Вестник Томского государственного университета

Выпуск журнала: № 413

Номера страниц: 88-93

ISSN журнала: 15617793

Место издания: Томск

Издатель: Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет

• Гергилев Денис Николаевич (Сибирский федеральный университет)
• Дуреева Наталья Сергеевна (Сибирский федеральный университет)

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