Сибирский федеральный университет

Тип публикации: статья из журнала

Год издания: 2016

Идентификатор DOI: 10.17580/gzh.2016.03.18

Ключевые слова: Ballast quarries, Environmental efficiency, Geographical orientation of nonworking pit walls, Road metal production, Siberia

Аннотация: Slow-rate development of mineral resources in Siberia is connected with remoteness of mineral fields and deficiency in hard-surface roads. The approval of the government transport system program in Siberia requires boosting road metal production and quarrying expansion. Mined-out voids of depleted quarries disturb lands and remain bare for a long time. The situation in the Krasnoyarsk Territory is of particular concern. It is urgently required to find planting methods for mined-out ballast quarries. The obstacle is the traditional geometry of mined-out open pits, with steep walls and vast bottom flooded with atmospheric precipitations. Ecological monitoring of mined-out surface mines in the Krasnoyarsk Territory and most effective vegetation of mined-out voids shows that, given the local climate (long cold winter and short hot summer), population of trees is higher on the southern and eastern pit walls, where moisture content is higher and trees are less dehumidified under the sun in simmer; of no less significance is flatness of slopes and weak inclination (3-5°) of roads towards pit walls, as well as presence of fertile soil layer in the walls. On special purpose plots of land 0.2 ha in area, trees have been counted per each element of a quarry, which makes the basis to develop recommendations on environmentally optimal shape of quarries: maximum area of the southern and eastern pitwalls to be slightly sloping (15-24°), minimum technologically reasoned area of bottom is shifted northwestward. The study is in accordance with the Fundamental Research Program of the National Academies of Sciences for 2013-2020 and the research plan of the Nauka Design and Engineering Center, ICT SB RAS for 2013-2017, under the project "Information Support Models and Technologies for Evaluation, Forecasting and Management of Regional Eco-Systems, Territorial Infrastructure and Natural and Industrial Safety".

Журнал: Gornyi Zhurnal

Выпуск журнала: Vol. 2016, Is. 3

Номера страниц: 85-88

• Зеньков И.В. (Специальное конструкторско-технологическое бюро «Наука» Красноярского филиала Института вычислительных технологий СО РАН)
• Барадулин И.М. (Сибирский федеральный университет)

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